The answer is: He went mad and lived as a beast before being restored as king

Daniel 4:31-37

In the Book of Daniel, we see an extraordinary transformation of King Nebuchadnezzar, a prideful ruler whose heart is softened by a powerful divine encounter. In Dan. 4, the king enjoys a golden moment of arrogance, boasting about the grandeur of his kingdom, Babylon. It's a classic "too big for your britches" scenario! Suddenly, the Voice of Heaven interrupts this royal brag and declares that Nebuchadnezzar will be driven from mankind and live among beasts, growing hair like eagle feathers and claws like birds.

It's as if he became a living lesson: reflecting human folly when one forgets humility. This odd fate actually mirrors other biblical rash decisions that lead to consequences—think of Adam and Eve’s tragic choices in the Garden or Saul’s fall from divine favor on account of his own hubris. Daniel 4 unfolds as a parable showing just how swiftly one’s fortunes can turn when they step out of line with humility and respect for a greater power.

After seven years of madness, Nebuchadnezzar looks up to the heavens, acknowledges divine sovereignty, and is restored not just to his mind but also to his throne. His conversion echoes throughout the rest of scripture, emphasizing that humility before God is a pathway back to grace. By the end, he praises and honors God, offering a powerful lesson of hope for everyone—that there's always a chance for restoration, no matter how distant we may stray.