The answer is: Edom

Num 20:14-21

In this intriguing episode from Numbers 20, we see the Israelites, weary from their desert wanderings, reach out to Edom for a passage through their territory. The refusal by the king of Edom holds historical significance—it highlights the strained relationships and rivalry among neighboring peoples during this time. Edom, descended from Esau, had deep roots as Jacob's brother (the Israelites). So, it's fascinating to see how these family ties haven't exactly fostered cordial relations!

Interestingly, this refusal sets off a ripple of events, leading to Egypt’s relatively unobstructed journey through the wilderness and forming a backdrop of perseverance against grievances. Some historians would argue that Edom’s position might also reflect their own struggle for identity and autonomy amidst larger political realities while expressing a vital human instinct—a desire to protect one’s land.

Moreover, echoing this wilderness journey, the Psalms reflect on such trials: “Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil...” (Psalm 23:4). Isn’t it remarkable how the themes of trust and perseverance persist throughout scripture, inviting readers to find solace and strength in extraordinary tests?

So, the next time you think about this encounter, remember, it's as much about the Israelite journey toward the Promised Land as it is about the complexities of Edo. History is crafted not just by victors or popular tales, but through trials and relational dynamics that continue to reverberate today.