The answer is: Herod the Great

Matthew 2:1 - reigning from 37 - 4 BC. We know from history records he was also known as Herod the Great.

Herod the Great is a fascinating historical figure, not only because of his reign but also due to how he is painted in the nativity story. Known for his architectural achievements—like the expansion of the Second Temple in Jerusalem—Herod’s grandiosity underscored his ominous rule. Picture this: while he was enhancing civic structures, his reign was riddled with political sabotage and paranoia. He famously ordered the "Massacre of the Innocents," an action he took to eliminate the newborn Jesus whom he saw as a threat to his throne. This dark chapter delivers a chilling contrast to the joyous Christmas tale of the nativity.

Herod's legacy goes far beyond the gory tales recorded in the Gospel. Historically, he’s often labeled a “Roman puppet,” carefully navigating the treacherous waters of Roman politics while keeping traditional Jewish customs. And did you know that Herod was not even of Jewish descent? He was an Idumean, which was a hot topic of contention among Jewish communities.

Herod’s tumultuous reign is an echo of the complex dynamics of power in Judea as Rome expanded its empire. This political climate set the stage for the teachings and emergence of Jesus, a radical voice in a society feeling suffocated by oppressive rulers. Within this dramatic backdrop, the stories and teachings of Christ took shape, ultimately sidelining tyrannical leaders with messages about love, redemption, and the true Kingdom.